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<SlideText><![CDATA[1. Preganglionic neuron CNS (brain stem or spinal cord) Autonomic Nervous System: Efferent Component 2. Postganglionic neuron Peripheral autonomic ganglion target organ/tissue ]]></SlideText>
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<SlideText><![CDATA[1. Preganglionic neuron CNS (brain stem or spinal cord) Autonomic Nervous System: Efferent Component Parasympathetic Cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X. S2-S4 spinal cord segments. ]]></SlideText>
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<SlideText><![CDATA[Autonomic Nervous System: Efferent Component 2. Postganglionic neuron Peripheral autonomic ganglion Sympathetic head and neck ]]></SlideText>
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<SlideText><![CDATA[Autonomic Nervous System: Efferent Component 2. Postganglionic neuron Peripheral autonomic ganglion Sympathetic thoracic viscera ]]></SlideText>
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<SlideText><![CDATA[Autonomic Nervous System: Efferent Component 2. Postganglionic neuron Peripheral autonomic ganglion Sympathetic lower limb arterioles ]]></SlideText>
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<SlideText><![CDATA[Autonomic Nervous System: Efferent Component 2. Postganglionic neuron Peripheral autonomic ganglion Sympathetic abdominopelvic viscera splanchnic nerves ]]></SlideText>
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<SlideText><![CDATA[Sympathetic Abdominopelvic Splanchnic Nerves midgut lesser splanchnic nerve superior mesenteric ganglion T10 – T11 ]]></SlideText>
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<SlideText><![CDATA[CNS (brain stem or spinal cord) Autonomic Nervous System: Afferent Component target organ/tissue = “visceral afferents” single neuron pathway  Sympathetic T1 – L2 spinal cord segments Visceral pain afferents *Referred pain will be felt in the dermatomes corresponding to the spinal cord levels where the visceral afferents enter.  ]]></SlideText>
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<SlideText><![CDATA[CNS (brain stem or spinal cord) Autonomic Nervous System: Afferent Component target organ/tissue = “visceral afferents” single neuron pathway  S2 – S4 spinal cord segments and brain stem. Visceral reflex afferents Parasympathetic ]]></SlideText>
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<SlideText><![CDATA[Visceral Pain Afferents: Pathways back to CNS foregut T5 – T9 midgut T10 – T11 genitourinary T12 hindgut L1 – L2 Structures below the pelvic pain line (subperitoneal) An exception! Back to CNS via sympathetic pathway Visceral pain afferents back to CNS via parasympathetic pathway  S2 – S4 ]]></SlideText>
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<Notes><![CDATA[NOTE: When visceral afferents carrying pain information reach the brain, the brain interprets the pain as coming from a somatic area, for which it is unable to be too specific.  Whereas, somatic pain doesn’t need interpretation – the brain can understand this pain information because it IS from a somatic area, so in this case, the pain can be localised to the specific area from where the sensory nerve has originated.]]></Notes>
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<SlideText><![CDATA[Dermatomes & Spinal Nerves Because of the importance of pain of visceral origin being felt in the corresponding dermatomes, it is important to know the spinal nerves (somatic) and their distribution. *Spinal nerves we have already covered:  Phrenic nerve (C3 – C5)  Intercostal nerves (T1 – T11)  Subcostal nerve (T12)  Iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal &     genitofemoral nerves (L1 – L2)  Pudendal nerve (S2 – S4)  *The remaining spinal nerves pertain more to the limbs which you will cover in MS Block. ]]></SlideText>
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