On Maximizing Max-Min Source Rate in Wireless Powered Internet of Things

Future Internet of Things (IoTs) networks will consist of RF-energy harvesting devices that are charged by solar powered Power Beacons (PBs). To this end, this paper aims to maximize the minimum data rate of devices acting as sources operating in a multi-hop IoTs network. The main problem is to decide the amount of energy delivered by solar-powered PBs, routing of data from each source, and link scheduling, which determines the capacity of links. To this end, we make two contributions. First, we present a Linear Program (LP) to optimize the max-min rate of sources. Our LP considers non-linear RF conversion at devices, energy storage loss at devices due to imperfect battery, and time-varying channel quality, which affect the amount of energy harvested by devices. The second contribution is a novel distributed protocol called Distributed Max-Min Rate Allocation (D-MRA), whereby devices only need local information such as their battery and data buffer state to make decisions. Our results show that the max-min rate of D-MRA is 58.25% that of LP, which requires global information, in all tested cases.